✏️ 文件编辑:AI 辅助代码修改
graph TB
subgraph "File Editing Pipeline"
Read[ReadTool] -->|cat -n format| Display[LLM Sees]
Display -->|Strips line numbers| Edit[EditTool]
Edit --> Validate{Validation}
Validate -->|Pass| Apply[Apply Edit]
Validate -->|Fail| Error[Error Result]
Apply --> Cache[Update Cache]
Cache --> Diff[Generate Diff]
Diff --> Confirm[Confirmation]
subgraph "Validation Checks"
V1[File was read?]
V2[File unchanged?]
V3[String exists?]
V4[Count matches?]
V5[Not no-op?]
end
Validate --> V1
V1 --> V2
V2 --> V3
V3 --> V4
V4 --> V5
end
文件编辑流水线架构
Claude Code 中的文件编辑不仅仅是修改文本——它是一个精心设计的流水线系统,用于处理 AI 辅助代码修改的复杂性:
TYPESCRIPT
class FileEditingPipeline {
// 四阶段编辑循环
static async executeEdit(
tool: EditTool,
input: EditInput,
context: ToolContext
): Promise<EditResult> {
// 阶段 1:验证
const validation = await this.validateEdit(input, context);
if (!validation.valid) {
return { success: false, error: validation.error };
}
// 阶段 2:准备
const prepared = await this.prepareEdit(input, validation.fileState);
// 阶段 3:应用
const result = await this.applyEdit(prepared);
// 阶段 4:验证
const verified = await this.verifyEdit(result, input);
return verified;
}
// 状态追踪系统
private static fileStates = new Map<string, FileState>();
interface FileState {
content: string;
hash: string;
mtime: number;
encoding: BufferEncoding;
lineEndings: '\\n' | '\\r\\n' | '\\r';
isBinary: boolean;
size: number;
}
}为什么使用多个工具而不是一个通用编辑器?
| 工具 | 用途 | 保证 | 失败模式 |
|---|---|---|---|
EditTool | 单个字符串替换 | 精确匹配计数 | 如果出现次数 ≠ 预期则失败 |
MultiEditTool | 顺序编辑 | 原子批处理 | 如果任何编辑无效则失败 |
WriteTool | 完全替换 | 完全覆写 | 如果未先读取则失败 |
NotebookEditTool | 单元格操作 | 保留结构 | 如果单元格缺失则失败 |
每个工具都提供了通用编辑器在保持对 LLM 友好性的同时无法维护的特定保证。
行号问题:一个看似简单实则复杂的挑战
文件编辑中最关键的挑战是行号前缀问题:
TYPESCRIPT
// LLM 从 ReadTool 看到的内容:
const readOutput = `
1\tfunction hello() {
2\t console.log('Hello, world!');
3\t}
`;
// LLM 可能错误尝试编辑的内容:
const wrongOldString = "2\t console.log('Hello, world!');"; // 错误 - 包含行号
// 应该使用的内容:
const correctOldString = " console.log('Hello, world!');"; // 正确 - 无行号
行号剥离逻辑:
TYPESCRIPT
class LineNumberHandler {
// LLM 收到关于此的详细说明
static readonly LINE_NUMBER_PATTERN = /^\d+\t/;
static stripLineNumbers(content: string): string {
return content
.split('\\n')
.map(line => line.replace(this.LINE_NUMBER_PATTERN, ''))
.join('\\n');
}
// 但真正的挑战是确保 LLM 执行此操作
static validateOldString(
oldString: string,
fileContent: string
): ValidationResult {
// 检查 1:oldString 是否包含行号前缀?
if (this.LINE_NUMBER_PATTERN.test(oldString)) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'old_string appears to contain line number prefix. ' +
'Remove the number and tab at the start.',
suggestion: oldString.replace(this.LINE_NUMBER_PATTERN, '')
};
}
// 检查 2:字符串是否存在于文件中?
const occurrences = this.countOccurrences(fileContent, oldString);
if (occurrences === 0) {
// 尝试检测是否为行号问题
const possibleLineNumber = oldString.match(/^(\d+)\t/);
if (possibleLineNumber) {
const lineNum = parseInt(possibleLineNumber[1]);
const actualLine = this.getLine(fileContent, lineNum);
return {
valid: false,
error: `String not found. Did you include line number ${lineNum}?`,
suggestion: actualLine
};
}
}
return { valid: true, occurrences };
}
}EditTool:字符串替换的外科手术精度
EditTool 实现了零歧义的精确字符串匹配:
TYPESCRIPT
class EditToolImplementation {
static async executeEdit(
input: EditInput,
context: ToolContext
): Promise<EditResult> {
const { file_path, old_string, new_string, expected_replacements = 1 } = input;
// 步骤 1:检索缓存的文件状态
const cachedFile = context.readFileState.get(file_path);
if (!cachedFile) {
throw new Error(
'File must be read with ReadFileTool before editing. ' +
'This ensures you have the current file content.'
);
}
// 步骤 2:验证文件未被外部更改
const currentStats = await fs.stat(file_path);
if (currentStats.mtimeMs !== cachedFile.timestamp) {
throw new Error(
'File has been modified externally since last read. ' +
'Please read the file again to see current content.'
);
}
// 步骤 3:验证编辑
const validation = this.validateEdit(
old_string,
new_string,
cachedFile.content,
expected_replacements
);
if (!validation.valid) {
throw new Error(validation.error);
}
// 步骤 4:应用替换
const newContent = this.performReplacement(
cachedFile.content,
old_string,
new_string,
expected_replacements
);
// 步骤 5:生成 diff 用于验证
const diff = this.generateDiff(
cachedFile.content,
newContent,
file_path
);
// 步骤 6:使用相同的编码/行尾写入
await this.writeFilePreservingFormat(
file_path,
newContent,
cachedFile
);
// 步骤 7:更新缓存
context.readFileState.set(file_path, {
content: newContent,
timestamp: Date.now()
});
// 步骤 8:生成上下文片段
const snippet = this.generateContextSnippet(
newContent,
new_string,
5 // 上下文行数
);
return {
success: true,
diff,
snippet,
replacements: expected_replacements
};
}
private static validateEdit(
oldString: string,
newString: string,
fileContent: string,
expectedReplacements: number
): EditValidation {
// 无操作检查
if (oldString === newString) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'old_string and new_string are identical. No changes would be made.'
};
}
// 空 old_string 特殊情况(插入)
if (oldString === '') {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'Empty old_string not allowed. Use WriteTool for new files.'
};
}
// 使用精确字符串匹配计数出现次数
const occurrences = this.countExactOccurrences(fileContent, oldString);
if (occurrences === 0) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'old_string not found in file. Ensure exact match including whitespace.',
suggestion: this.findSimilarStrings(fileContent, oldString)
};
}
if (occurrences !== expectedReplacements) {
return {
valid: false,
error: `Expected ${expectedReplacements} replacement(s) but found ${occurrences} occurrence(s). ` +
`Set expected_replacements to ${occurrences} or refine old_string.`
};
}
return { valid: true };
}
private static countExactOccurrences(
content: string,
searchString: string
): number {
// 转义特殊正则字符以进行精确匹配
const escaped = searchString.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&');
const regex = new RegExp(escaped, 'g');
return (content.match(regex) || []).length;
}
private static performReplacement(
content: string,
oldString: string,
newString: string,
limit: number
): string {
// 为特殊替换模式转义字符
const escapeReplacement = (str: string) => {
return str
.replace(/\$/g, '$$$$') // $ -> $$
.replace(/\n/g, '\\n') // 保留换行符
.replace(/\r/g, '\\r'); // 保留回车符
};
const escapedNew = escapeReplacement(newString);
let result = content;
let count = 0;
let lastIndex = 0;
// 手动替换以遵守限制
while (count < limit) {
const index = result.indexOf(oldString, lastIndex);
if (index === -1) break;
result = result.slice(0, index) +
newString + // 使用原始字符串,非转义版本
result.slice(index + oldString.length);
lastIndex = index + newString.length;
count++;
}
return result;
}
private static generateDiff(
oldContent: string,
newContent: string,
filePath: string
): string {
// 使用统一 diff 格式
const diff = createUnifiedDiff(
filePath,
filePath,
oldContent,
newContent,
'before edit',
'after edit',
{ context: 3 }
);
return diff;
}
}为什么 expected_replacements 很重要:
TYPESCRIPT
// 场景:多次出现
const fileContent = `
function processUser(user) {
console.log(user);
return user;
}
`;
// 没有 expected_replacements:
edit({
old_string: "user",
new_string: "userData"
});
// 结果:所有出现都被替换(函数参数也被替换了!)
// 有 expected_replacements:
edit({
old_string: "user",
new_string: "userData",
expected_replacements: 2 // 仅使用,不包括参数
});
// 结果:失败 - 强制使用更具体的 old_string
MultiEditTool:原子顺序操作
MultiEditTool 解决了多个相关编辑的复杂问题:
TYPESCRIPT
class MultiEditToolImplementation {
static async executeMultiEdit(
input: MultiEditInput,
context: ToolContext
): Promise<MultiEditResult> {
const { file_path, edits } = input;
// 一次加载文件
const cachedFile = context.readFileState.get(file_path);
if (!cachedFile) {
throw new Error('File must be read before editing');
}
// 在应用任何编辑之前验证所有编辑
const validationResult = this.validateAllEdits(
edits,
cachedFile.content
);
if (!validationResult.valid) {
throw new Error(validationResult.error);
}
// 顺序应用编辑到工作副本
let workingContent = cachedFile.content;
const appliedEdits: AppliedEdit[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < edits.length; i++) {
const edit = edits[i];
try {
// 针对当前工作内容验证此编辑
const validation = this.validateSingleEdit(
edit,
workingContent,
i
);
if (!validation.valid) {
throw new Error(
`Edit ${i + 1} failed: ${validation.error}`
);
}
// 应用编辑
const beforeEdit = workingContent;
workingContent = this.applyEdit(
workingContent,
edit
);
appliedEdits.push({
index: i,
edit,
diff: this.generateEditDiff(beforeEdit, workingContent),
summary: this.summarizeEdit(edit)
});
} catch (error) {
// 原子失败 - 不写入任何更改
throw new Error(
`MultiEdit aborted at edit ${i + 1}/${edits.length}: ${error.message}`
);
}
}
// 所有编辑已验证并应用 - 一次写入
await this.writeFilePreservingFormat(
file_path,
workingContent,
cachedFile
);
// 更新缓存
context.readFileState.set(file_path, {
content: workingContent,
timestamp: Date.now()
});
return {
success: true,
editsApplied: appliedEdits,
totalDiff: this.generateDiff(
cachedFile.content,
workingContent,
file_path
)
};
}
private static validateAllEdits(
edits: Edit[],
originalContent: string
): ValidationResult {
// 检查空编辑数组
if (edits.length === 0) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'No edits provided'
};
}
// 检测潜在冲突
const conflicts = this.detectEditConflicts(edits, originalContent);
if (conflicts.length > 0) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'Edit conflicts detected:\\n' +
conflicts.map(c => c.description).join('\\n')
};
}
// 模拟所有编辑以确保它们有效
let simulatedContent = originalContent;
for (let i = 0; i < edits.length; i++) {
const edit = edits[i];
const occurrences = this.countOccurrences(
simulatedContent,
edit.old_string
);
if (occurrences === 0) {
return {
valid: false,
error: `Edit ${i + 1}: old_string not found. ` +
`Previous edits may have removed it.`
};
}
if (occurrences !== (edit.expected_replacements || 1)) {
return {
valid: false,
error: `Edit ${i + 1}: Expected ${edit.expected_replacements || 1} ` +
`replacements but found ${occurrences}`
};
}
// 应用到模拟
simulatedContent = this.applyEdit(simulatedContent, edit);
}
return { valid: true };
}
private static detectEditConflicts(
edits: Edit[],
content: string
): EditConflict[] {
const conflicts: EditConflict[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < edits.length - 1; i++) {
for (let j = i + 1; j < edits.length; j++) {
const edit1 = edits[i];
const edit2 = edits[j];
// 冲突类型 1:后续编辑修改前一个编辑的结果
if (edit2.old_string.includes(edit1.new_string)) {
conflicts.push({
type: 'dependency',
edits: [i, j],
description: `Edit ${j + 1} depends on result of edit ${i + 1}`
});
}
// 冲突类型 2:重叠替换
if (this.editsOverlap(edit1, edit2, content)) {
conflicts.push({
type: 'overlap',
edits: [i, j],
description: `Edits ${i + 1} and ${j + 1} affect overlapping text`
});
}
// 冲突类型 3:相同目标,不同替换
if (edit1.old_string === edit2.old_string &&
edit1.new_string !== edit2.new_string) {
conflicts.push({
type: 'contradiction',
edits: [i, j],
description: `Edits ${i + 1} and ${j + 1} replace same text differently`
});
}
}
}
return conflicts;
}
private static editsOverlap(
edit1: Edit,
edit2: Edit,
content: string
): boolean {
// 查找所有出现的位置
const positions1 = this.findAllPositions(content, edit1.old_string);
const positions2 = this.findAllPositions(content, edit2.old_string);
// 检查是否有任何位置重叠
for (const pos1 of positions1) {
const end1 = pos1 + edit1.old_string.length;
for (const pos2 of positions2) {
const end2 = pos2 + edit2.old_string.length;
// 检查重叠
if (pos1 < end2 && pos2 < end1) {
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
}冲突检测实战:
TYPESCRIPT
// 示例:依赖编辑
const edits = [
{
old_string: "console.log",
new_string: "logger.info"
},
{
old_string: "logger.info('test')", // 依赖于第一个编辑!
new_string: "logger.debug('test')"
}
];
// 结果:检测到冲突 - 编辑 2 依赖于编辑 1
// 示例:安全的顺序编辑
const safeEdits = [
{
old_string: "var x",
new_string: "let x"
},
{
old_string: "var y",
new_string: "let y"
}
];
// 结果:无冲突 - 独立更改
WriteTool:完整文件操作
WriteTool 处理完整的文件创建或替换:
TYPESCRIPT
class WriteToolImplementation {
static async executeWrite(
input: WriteInput,
context: ToolContext
): Promise<WriteResult> {
const { file_path, content } = input;
// 检查文件是否存在
const exists = await fs.access(file_path).then(() => true).catch(() => false);
if (exists) {
// 现有文件 - 必须已读取
const cachedFile = context.readFileState.get(file_path);
if (!cachedFile) {
throw new Error(
'Existing file must be read with ReadFileTool before overwriting. ' +
'This prevents accidental data loss.'
);
}
// 验证未被外部修改
const stats = await fs.stat(file_path);
if (stats.mtimeMs !== cachedFile.timestamp) {
throw new Error(
'File has been modified externally. ' +
'Read the file again to see current content before overwriting.'
);
}
}
// 文档文件限制
if (this.isDocumentationFile(file_path) && !context.explicitlyAllowed) {
throw new Error(
'Creating documentation files (*.md, README) requires explicit user request. ' +
'Focus on code implementation unless specifically asked for docs.'
);
}
// 准备写入操作
const writeData = await this.prepareWriteData(
content,
exists ? context.readFileState.get(file_path) : null
);
// 确保目录存在
const dir = path.dirname(file_path);
await fs.mkdir(dir, { recursive: true });
// 写入文件
await fs.writeFile(file_path, writeData.content, {
encoding: writeData.encoding,
mode: writeData.mode
});
// 更新缓存
context.readFileState.set(file_path, {
content: content,
timestamp: Date.now()
});
// 生成结果
if (exists) {
const snippet = this.generateContextSnippet(content, null, 10);
return {
success: true,
action: 'updated',
snippet
};
} else {
return {
success: true,
action: 'created',
path: file_path
};
}
}
private static async prepareWriteData(
content: string,
existingFile: FileState | null
): Promise<WriteData> {
// 检测或保留行尾
let lineEnding = '\\n'; // 默认为 LF
if (existingFile) {
// 保留现有行尾
lineEnding = existingFile.lineEndings;
} else if (process.platform === 'win32') {
// Windows 上新文件默认为 CRLF
lineEnding = '\\r\\n';
}
// 规范化然后应用正确的行尾
const normalizedContent = content.replace(/\r\n|\r|\n/g, '\\n');
const finalContent = normalizedContent.replace(/\n/g, lineEnding);
// 检测编码(简化 - 实际实现更复杂)
const encoding = existingFile?.encoding || 'utf8';
// 更新时保留文件模式
const mode = existingFile ?
(await fs.stat(existingFile.path)).mode :
0o644;
return {
content: finalContent,
encoding,
mode
};
}
}验证层:深度防御
每个编辑操作都经过多个验证层:
TYPESCRIPT
class FileValidationPipeline {
static async validateFileOperation(
operation: FileOperation,
context: ToolContext
): Promise<ValidationResult> {
// 层 1:路径验证
const pathValidation = await this.validatePath(operation.path, context);
if (!pathValidation.valid) return pathValidation;
// 层 2:权限检查
const permissionCheck = await this.checkPermissions(operation, context);
if (!permissionCheck.valid) return permissionCheck;
// 层 3:文件状态验证
const stateValidation = await this.validateFileState(operation, context);
if (!stateValidation.valid) return stateValidation;
// 层 4:内容验证
const contentValidation = await this.validateContent(operation);
if (!contentValidation.valid) return contentValidation;
// 层 5:安全检查
const safetyCheck = await this.performSafetyChecks(operation, context);
if (!safetyCheck.valid) return safetyCheck;
return { valid: true };
}
private static async validatePath(
filePath: string,
context: ToolContext
): Promise<ValidationResult> {
// 绝对路径要求
if (!path.isAbsolute(filePath)) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'File path must be absolute',
suggestion: path.resolve(filePath)
};
}
// 路径遍历防护
const resolved = path.resolve(filePath);
const normalized = path.normalize(filePath);
if (resolved !== normalized) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'Path contains suspicious traversal patterns'
};
}
// 边界检查
const projectRoot = context.projectRoot;
const allowed = [
projectRoot,
...context.additionalWorkingDirectories
];
const isAllowed = allowed.some(dir =>
resolved.startsWith(path.resolve(dir))
);
if (!isAllowed) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'Path is outside allowed directories',
allowedDirs: allowed
};
}
// 特殊文件防护
const forbidden = [
/\.git\//,
/node_modules\//,
/\.env$/,
/\.ssh\//,
/\.gnupg\//
];
if (forbidden.some(pattern => pattern.test(resolved))) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'Operation on sensitive files not allowed'
};
}
return { valid: true };
}
private static async validateFileState(
operation: FileOperation,
context: ToolContext
): Promise<ValidationResult> {
if (operation.type === 'create') {
// 检查文件是否已存在
const exists = await fs.access(operation.path)
.then(() => true)
.catch(() => false);
if (exists && !operation.overwrite) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'File already exists. Use WriteTool with prior read to overwrite.'
};
}
}
if (operation.type === 'edit' || operation.type === 'overwrite') {
const cached = context.readFileState.get(operation.path);
if (!cached) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'File must be read before editing'
};
}
// 陈旧性检查
try {
const stats = await fs.stat(operation.path);
if (stats.mtimeMs !== cached.timestamp) {
const timeDiff = stats.mtimeMs - cached.timestamp;
return {
valid: false,
error: 'File has been modified externally',
details: {
cachedTime: new Date(cached.timestamp),
currentTime: new Date(stats.mtimeMs),
difference: `${Math.abs(timeDiff)}ms`
}
};
}
} catch (error) {
return {
valid: false,
error: 'File no longer exists or is inaccessible'
};
}
}
return { valid: true };
}
}Diff 生成 & 反馈:闭环
每次编辑都会为 LLM 生成丰富的反馈:
TYPESCRIPT
class DiffGenerator {
static generateEditFeedback(
operation: EditOperation,
result: EditResult
): EditFeedback {
const feedback: EditFeedback = {
summary: this.generateSummary(operation, result),
diff: this.generateDiff(operation, result),
snippet: this.generateContextSnippet(operation, result),
statistics: this.generateStatistics(operation, result)
};
return feedback;
}
private static generateDiff(
operation: EditOperation,
result: EditResult
): string {
const { oldContent, newContent, filePath } = result;
// 根据更改大小使用不同的 diff 策略
const changeRatio = this.calculateChangeRatio(oldContent, newContent);
if (changeRatio < 0.1) {
// 小更改 - 使用统一 diff
return this.generateUnifiedDiff(
oldContent,
newContent,
filePath,
{ context: 5 }
);
} else if (changeRatio < 0.5) {
// 中等更改 - 使用单词 diff
return this.generateWordDiff(
oldContent,
newContent,
filePath
);
} else {
// 大更改 - 使用摘要 diff
return this.generateSummaryDiff(
oldContent,
newContent,
filePath
);
}
}
private static generateContextSnippet(
operation: EditOperation,
result: EditResult
): string {
const { newContent, changedRanges } = result;
const lines = newContent.split('\\n');
const snippets: string[] = [];
for (const range of changedRanges) {
const start = Math.max(0, range.start - 5);
const end = Math.min(lines.length, range.end + 5);
const snippet = lines
.slice(start, end)
.map((line, idx) => {
const lineNum = start + idx + 1;
const isChanged = lineNum >= range.start && lineNum <= range.end;
const prefix = isChanged ? '>' : ' ';
return `${prefix} ${lineNum}\\t${line}`;
})
.join('\\n');
snippets.push(snippet);
}
// 限制总片段大小
const combined = snippets.join('\\n...\\n');
if (combined.length > 1000) {
return combined.substring(0, 1000) + '\\n... (truncated)';
}
return combined;
}
private static generateUnifiedDiff(
oldContent: string,
newContent: string,
filePath: string,
options: DiffOptions
): string {
const oldLines = oldContent.split('\\n');
const newLines = newContent.split('\\n');
// 使用 Myers diff 算法
const diff = new MyersDiff(oldLines, newLines);
const hunks = diff.getHunks(options.context);
// 格式化为统一 diff
const header = [
`--- ${filePath}\\t(before edit)`,
`+++ ${filePath}\\t(after edit)`,
''
].join('\\n');
const formattedHunks = hunks.map(hunk => {
const range = `@@ -${hunk.oldStart},${hunk.oldLength} ` +
`+${hunk.newStart},${hunk.newLength} @@`;
const lines = hunk.lines.map(line => {
switch (line.type) {
case 'unchanged': return ` ${line.content}`;
case 'deleted': return `-${line.content}`;
case 'added': return `+${line.content}`;
}
});
return [range, ...lines].join('\\n');
}).join('\\n');
return header + formattedHunks;
}
}特殊情况 & 边界条件
文件编辑必须处理众多边界情况:
TYPESCRIPT
class EdgeCaseHandlers {
// 空文件处理
static handleEmptyFile(
operation: EditOperation,
content: string
): HandlerResult {
if (content.trim() === '') {
if (operation.type === 'edit') {
return {
error: 'Cannot edit empty file. Use WriteTool to add content.'
};
}
// ReadTool 的特殊反馈
return {
warning: '<system-reminder>Warning: the file exists but the contents are empty.</system-reminder>'
};
}
return { ok: true };
}
// 二进制文件检测
static async detectBinaryFile(
filePath: string,
content: Buffer
): Promise<boolean> {
// 检查空字节(二进制文件中常见)
for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(content.length, 8192); i++) {
if (content[i] === 0) {
return true;
}
}
// 检查文件扩展名
const binaryExtensions = [
'.jpg', '.png', '.gif', '.pdf', '.zip',
'.exe', '.dll', '.so', '.dylib'
];
const ext = path.extname(filePath).toLowerCase();
if (binaryExtensions.includes(ext)) {
return true;
}
// 使用文件魔数
const magicNumbers = {
'png': [0x89, 0x50, 0x4E, 0x47],
'jpg': [0xFF, 0xD8, 0xFF],
'pdf': [0x25, 0x50, 0x44, 0x46],
'zip': [0x50, 0x4B, 0x03, 0x04]
};
for (const [type, magic] of Object.entries(magicNumbers)) {
if (this.bufferStartsWith(content, magic)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
// 符号链接处理
static async handleSymlink(
filePath: string,
operation: FileOperation
): Promise<SymlinkResult> {
try {
const stats = await fs.lstat(filePath);
if (!stats.isSymbolicLink()) {
return { isSymlink: false };
}
const target = await fs.readlink(filePath);
const resolvedTarget = path.resolve(path.dirname(filePath), target);
// 检查目标是否存在
const targetExists = await fs.access(resolvedTarget)
.then(() => true)
.catch(() => false);
if (!targetExists && operation.type === 'read') {
return {
isSymlink: true,
error: `Broken symlink: points to non-existent ${target}`
};
}
// 对于编辑操作,提供选择
if (operation.type === 'edit') {
return {
isSymlink: true,
warning: `This is a symlink to ${target}. Edit will modify the target file.`,
target: resolvedTarget
};
}
return {
isSymlink: true,
target: resolvedTarget
};
} catch (error) {
return { isSymlink: false };
}
}
// 编码检测和处理
static async detectEncoding(
filePath: string,
buffer: Buffer
): Promise<EncodingInfo> {
// 检查 BOM
if (buffer[0] === 0xEF && buffer[1] === 0xBB && buffer[2] === 0xBF) {
return { encoding: 'utf8', hasBOM: true };
}
if (buffer[0] === 0xFF && buffer[1] === 0xFE) {
return { encoding: 'utf16le', hasBOM: true };
}
if (buffer[0] === 0xFE && buffer[1] === 0xFF) {
return { encoding: 'utf16be', hasBOM: true };
}
// 尝试 UTF-8
try {
const decoded = buffer.toString('utf8');
// 检查替换字符
if (!decoded.includes('\\ufffd')) {
return { encoding: 'utf8', hasBOM: false };
}
} catch {}
// 回退启发式
const nullBytes = buffer.filter(b => b === 0).length;
const highBytes = buffer.filter(b => b > 127).length;
if (nullBytes > buffer.length * 0.1) {
return { encoding: 'binary', hasBOM: false };
}
if (highBytes < buffer.length * 0.1) {
return { encoding: 'ascii', hasBOM: false };
}
// 默认为 utf8 并警告
return {
encoding: 'utf8',
hasBOM: false,
warning: 'Encoding uncertain, assuming UTF-8'
};
}
}性能优化
大规模文件编辑需要仔细优化:
TYPESCRIPT
class FileEditingPerformance {
// 大文件的缓存策略
private static chunkCache = new Map<string, ChunkedFile>();
static async readLargeFile(
filePath: string,
options: ReadOptions
): Promise<FileContent> {
const stats = await fs.stat(filePath);
// 对超过 10MB 的文件使用流式处理
if (stats.size > 10 * 1024 * 1024) {
return this.streamRead(filePath, options);
}
// 对 1-10MB 的文件使用分块缓存
if (stats.size > 1024 * 1024) {
return this.chunkedRead(filePath, options);
}
// 小文件直接读取
return this.directRead(filePath, options);
}
private static async chunkedRead(
filePath: string,
options: ReadOptions
): Promise<FileContent> {
const cached = this.chunkCache.get(filePath);
if (cached && cached.mtime === (await fs.stat(filePath)).mtimeMs) {
// 使用缓存的分块
return this.assembleFromChunks(cached, options);
}
// 分块读取
const chunkSize = 256 * 1024; // 256KB 分块
const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
const stream = createReadStream(filePath, {
highWaterMark: chunkSize
});
for await (const chunk of stream) {
chunks.push(chunk);
}
// 缓存以供将来使用
this.chunkCache.set(filePath, {
chunks,
mtime: (await fs.stat(filePath)).mtimeMs,
encoding: 'utf8'
});
return this.assembleFromChunks({ chunks }, options);
}
// 批量编辑准备
static prepareBatchEdits(
edits: Edit[],
content: string
): PreparedBatch {
// 预先计算所有位置
const positions = new Map<string, number[]>();
for (const edit of edits) {
if (!positions.has(edit.old_string)) {
positions.set(
edit.old_string,
this.findAllPositions(content, edit.old_string)
);
}
}
// 按位置排序编辑(反向顺序以安全应用)
const sortedEdits = edits
.map(edit => ({
edit,
position: positions.get(edit.old_string)![0]
}))
.sort((a, b) => b.position - a.position);
return {
edits: sortedEdits,
positions,
canApplyInReverse: true
};
}
// 内存高效的 diff 生成
static *generateStreamingDiff(
oldContent: string,
newContent: string
): Generator<DiffChunk> {
const oldLines = oldContent.split('\\n');
const newLines = newContent.split('\\n');
// 对大文件使用滑动窗口
const windowSize = 1000;
let oldIndex = 0;
let newIndex = 0;
while (oldIndex < oldLines.length || newIndex < newLines.length) {
const oldWindow = oldLines.slice(oldIndex, oldIndex + windowSize);
const newWindow = newLines.slice(newIndex, newIndex + windowSize);
const diff = this.computeWindowDiff(
oldWindow,
newWindow,
oldIndex,
newIndex
);
yield diff;
oldIndex += diff.oldConsumed;
newIndex += diff.newConsumed;
}
}
}性能特性:
| 文件大小 | 操作 | 方法 | 时间 | 内存 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <100KB | 读取 | 直接 | <5ms | O(n) |
| 100KB-1MB | 读取 | 直接 | 5-20ms | O(n) |
| 1-10MB | 读取 | 分块 | 20-100ms | O(chunk) |
| >10MB | 读取 | 流式 | 100ms+ | O(1) |
| 任意 | 编辑(单个) | 内存 | <10ms | O(n) |
| 任意 | 编辑(多个) | 顺序 | <50ms | O(n) |
| 任意 | 写入 | 直接 | <20ms | O(n) |
常见失败模式 & 恢复
理解常见失败有助于构建健壮的编辑:
TYPESCRIPT
class FailureRecovery {
// 外部修改冲突
static async handleExternalModification(
filePath: string,
cachedState: FileState,
operation: EditOperation
): Promise<RecoveryStrategy> {
const currentContent = await fs.readFile(filePath, 'utf8');
const currentStats = await fs.stat(filePath);
// 尝试三方合并
const mergeResult = await this.attemptThreeWayMerge(
cachedState.content, // 基础
operation.newContent, // 我们的
currentContent // 他们的
);
if (mergeResult.success && !mergeResult.conflicts) {
return {
strategy: 'auto_merge',
content: mergeResult.merged,
warning: 'File was modified externally. Changes have been merged.'
};
}
// 生成冲突标记
if (mergeResult.conflicts) {
return {
strategy: 'conflict_markers',
content: mergeResult.conflictMarked,
error: 'Merge conflicts detected. Manual resolution required.',
conflicts: mergeResult.conflicts
};
}
// 回退:显示 diff 并询问
return {
strategy: 'user_decision',
error: 'File modified externally',
options: [
'Overwrite external changes',
'Abort edit',
'Read file again'
],
diff: this.generateDiff(cachedState.content, currentContent)
};
}
// 编码问题
static async handleEncodingError(
filePath: string,
error: Error,
content: string
): Promise<RecoveryStrategy> {
// 尝试不同的编码
const encodings = ['utf8', 'latin1', 'utf16le'];
for (const encoding of encodings) {
try {
const buffer = Buffer.from(content, encoding as any);
await fs.writeFile(filePath + '.test', buffer);
await fs.unlink(filePath + '.test');
return {
strategy: 'alternate_encoding',
encoding,
warning: `Using ${encoding} encoding instead of UTF-8`
};
} catch {}
}
// 二进制回退
return {
strategy: 'binary_write',
warning: 'Treating as binary file',
content: Buffer.from(content, 'binary')
};
}
// 磁盘空间问题
static async handleDiskSpaceError(
filePath: string,
requiredBytes: number
): Promise<RecoveryStrategy> {
const diskInfo = await this.getDiskInfo(path.dirname(filePath));
if (diskInfo.available < requiredBytes) {
// 计算可以释放的空间
const suggestions = await this.analyzeDiskUsage(path.dirname(filePath));
return {
strategy: 'free_space',
error: `Insufficient disk space. Need ${this.formatBytes(requiredBytes)}, ` +
`have ${this.formatBytes(diskInfo.available)}`,
suggestions: suggestions.map(s => ({
path: s.path,
size: this.formatBytes(s.size),
type: s.type
}))
};
}
// 可能是配额问题
return {
strategy: 'quota_check',
error: 'Write failed despite apparent free space. Check disk quotas.',
command: `quota -v ${process.env.USER}`
};
}
// 部分写入恢复
static async recoverPartialWrite(
filePath: string,
expectedSize: number
): Promise<RecoveryResult> {
try {
const stats = await fs.stat(filePath);
if (stats.size === 0) {
// 完全失败 - 检查备份
const backupPath = filePath + '.backup';
if (await fs.access(backupPath).then(() => true).catch(() => false)) {
await fs.rename(backupPath, filePath);
return {
recovered: true,
method: 'backup_restore'
};
}
}
if (stats.size < expectedSize) {
// 部分写入 - 检查临时文件
const tempPath = filePath + '.tmp';
if (await fs.access(tempPath).then(() => true).catch(() => false)) {
const tempStats = await fs.stat(tempPath);
if (tempStats.size === expectedSize) {
await fs.rename(tempPath, filePath);
return {
recovered: true,
method: 'temp_file_restore'
};
}
}
}
return {
recovered: false,
partialSize: stats.size,
expectedSize
};
} catch (error) {
return {
recovered: false,
error: error.message
};
}
}
}